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Business Plan - Convenience Store - 3365 Words

Business Plan Buster’s A cozy Store that designed for your needs [pic] Business Plan by Lydia Chan CONTENTS[pic] 1. Executive Summary Buster’s is a convenience store specialized in servicing daily needs of occupants of the office building where it is located. It offers variety of products to satisfy customers’ daily needs including snacks, pre-wrapped sandwiches, bottle/canned beverages, stationery, greeting cards, newspapers, paperback books and small gift items. The first Buster’s Store was set up in 2007, a 1,000 square feet store located in the lobby of Empire Centre in Kennedy commercial district. This store is solely owned and managed by Lydia Chan. With fully focused and correct business strategy,†¦show more content†¦Christine will be responsible to coach and mentor the other new hired shop assistant, service customers, keep tract inventory/replenishment and report customers’ comments/complaints to Lydia for ensuring corrective action be taken. We will hire another shop assistant to work together with Christine. Criteria are High school graduate with 1-2 years retailing sales experience. 3. Financials 1. Start-up Finance Summary Anticipated start-up cost of the new store is US$200,000. The main cost of start-up will be inventory. It is estimated that the initial inventory purchase will be $100,000. In addition, $30,000 will have to be spent on fixtures and fittings for the store. Since it is a brand new building, there will be no maintenance needed before move-in. Funding will be come from the combination of the two owners from their own savings. Lydia Chan (75% ownership) - contributes US$150,000 Carmen Chan (25% ownership) - contribute US$50,000 2. Start-up Cost Summary This table shows a summary of start-up cost and expenses [pic] 3.3 Anticipated Revenue and Operating Cost for the First Year [pic] 3.4 Pro-forma cash flow projection for the first year of operation [pic] 5. Break even Analysis The following chart and table show the break-even analysis for Buster’s [pic] [pic] 3.6 Anticipated return on investment in the first three Years The following tableShow MoreRelatedExtended Marketing Mix of Convenience Store1238 Words   |  5 PagesBackground of the Study Convenience stores are in demand all over the world for its unique commercial properties. They are usually open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, carrying a limited life of high turnover convenience products and are conveniently located for quick in and out shopping. These stores provide â€Å"fill-in† purchases for consumer needs. Engaging into this kind of business with the right location, pricing strategy, inventory of products, and pleasant customer approach, it can generateRead MoreSej Overview. Sej President Kazuki Furuya Has Worked Vigorously1515 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept. According to Seven and i Holding corporation annual review of operations for 2016, he plans to actualize this concept by manipulating location, products, and services. Particularly, the introduction of Omni-Channel Strategy and Seven Premium have been absolutely instrumental to SEJ and Seven and i holding Co., Ltd. success. Seven Premium products are of higher quality than traditional convenience store products, but comes at a slightly higher price. SEJ conducted research on customers opinionRead MoreA Food Desert Issue On The Downtown Area Of Greeley, Colorado1288 Words   |  6 Pagesdown of the only grocery store on that side has left the residents in that area struggling to find adequate groceries to fill their refrigerators and cupboards. Their only way to provide for their families is the local convenience stores. There is a convenience store on just about every corner however, there are multiple problems with having the convenience. One issue is that the prices at a convenience store are substantially higher than that of a regular grocery store. Symptoms include, lackRead MoreThe Ownership Of A Liquor Business1691 Words   |  7 Pageswould like to take over the ownership of a liquor business named By-Pass Liquor store located at 3118 South School Avenue, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701. Thi s is a turnkey business with good costumer flow and in a prime location of Southern Fayetteville. The business property is in market for a listing price of $335,000 for real-estate, furniture equipment, building and including inventory about $30,000. In order to transfer the ownership of this business to us we are seeking funding from the First stateRead MoreEssay on Ssi Case Distribution1537 Words   |  7 Pagesmajority of SSI products were sold to consumers through various grocery and convenience stores. Vending machines and institutional sales, such as airports, represent the remaining consumer market segments. The selling environment for candy and snack foods was becoming increasingly competitive and traditional channels of distribution were being distorted, especially in the grocery and convenience trade. Grocery and convenience stores were traditionally serviced through distributors known as candy and tobaccoRead MoreCase Study : Business Management And Ownership Structure1130 Words   |  5 Pagesretail consumer products services under the one roof of business. Our Convenience store products will be the core business area of company which will be updated and diversified with the changing consumer and food industry requirements. The company at the start of their business will initially target the UK market only, business operations will however be expanded to other geographic areas of the globe in long run. The Director will start business with initial investment of GBP 200,000. It will be incorporatedRead MoreExecutive Summary. Our Team’S Goal Is To Research And Analyze1135 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch and analyze the giant convenience store blue-chip known as 7-Eleven. As the world’s largest convenience store chain, 7-Eleven Inc., (SEI) 7-Eleven Japan (SEJ) and other regional 7-Elevens are owned by the massive conglomerate SEVEN i holding Co., Ltd. Our team will discuss a brief history of SEI and SEJ, analyze their respective mission statement, dissertate various veteran friendly initiatives, highlight top officers and their impact on the company and how the business addressed various esotericRead MoreSwot Analysis : Penney Stock981 Words   |  4 Pages J.C. Penney Stock J.C. Penney is a chain department store that provides plentiful materials and food and provides its customers with services, such as styling salon, optical, portrait photography, and custom decorating in the United States. As a well-known department store, J.C. Penney, it is a leading department store retailer of apparel, accessories and home furnishings. But from the beginning of March to the end of May, JCP stock has been generally falling in price. According to a recent researchRead MoreA Grocery Store And A Gas Station914 Words   |  4 PagesVI. Competition Wawa is a convenience store and a gas station. In terms of the convenience stores, our main competitors are 7-Eleven, Heritages, Walgreens, and Rite Aid. In terms of the Gas station, our competition is against local gas stations with lower prices, and Sunoco. To start listing our competitors in the convenience e store competition, 7-Eleven has 58, 300 stores in 17 countries. They are also known for famous for their famous 32, 44, and 64 oz Big Gulp cups. In some locations they evenRead MoreMom and Pop Shops1153 Words   |  5 Pageseffect on small business, but also it has to do with our economy. I plan on the information and graphs I found by researching my information about how the big companies do take over some small business. I will provide a power point presentation in my research paper to also show you more information about my research paper. There is no question that Wal-Mart does cause some mom-and-pop shops to fail. However, those failures are entirely compensated for by the entry of other new small business. I am also

Chattanooga Ice Cream free essay sample

Chattanooga Ice Cream Case The Chattanooga Ice Cream case shows a decline in sales for 5 consecutive years. The Division is headed by Charles Moore. Although Charles Moore was successful in leading teams he seemed to have major issues with this team of vice presidents. According to the Harvard Business Review Chattanooga Ice Cream Case the team was very dysfunctional; they exhibited a lack of trust, high in conflict, disrespectful of each other and exhibited avoidance issues with accountability. Team members seemed to always lay blame to other member. Moore needs to be more assertive in dismissing the ways of the past and the loss of Stay Shop business needs to be put aside. Moore needs to give clear direction and assign responsibilities to each team member. Moore needs to convey that team cohesiveness is a must and this will go a long way to help ensure no further loss of business. This paper will examine how Moore’s leadership approach contributed to the teams’ dysfunction, discuss what the group of employees themselves could do to better understand the perspectives of each other and their boss as well as make recommendations about Moore should do now to help his team work together and manage conflicts more effectively. Charlie’s Leadership Style In assessing where Charlie Moore goes wrong, it’s important to look at his leadership style. According to the DiSC style, Charlie is a â€Å"Steady (S) Leader.† Specifically, this means Charlie operates at a methodical pace and likes leading in an orderly environment. He may readily view leading in a â€Å"fast-paced† environment as intimidating or stressful. His leadership style is collaborative in nature and he values group efforts. Charlie is a cautious leader that seldom leads by authority as he is comfortable working behind the consensus of the group as he doesn’t like making decisions alone. He is demotivated by competitive environments and changing direction abruptly. He enjoys leading in a harmonic environment with little or no confrontations or conflict. Leaders prepare the organizations for change; Charlie does not build trust nor align his people. Lack of Leadership As a leader Charlie needs to â€Å"prepare organizations for change and help them cope as they struggle through it† (Week 2, Lecture 2). The first evidence of Charlie’s failure as a leader is when he calls the group together to communicate the news about losing their major customer. The mood is somber as Charlie calls the group together to â€Å"mourn† (Sloane, The Chattanooga Ice Cream Division, HBR, p.1) and to figure out what needs to be done about it. As a leader he must exude a sense of â€Å"positive energy† (Jack Welch, Winning, p.84) to prepare his people to act and energize their best thinking to deal with this challenge. His style of (S) may not like change, but he needs to set a tone of optimism and decisiveness that says that they will come through this challenge successfully. First of all, Moore should master self-leadership for himself. Then encourage and model it for others on the team. Manz indicates that â€Å"Leaders facilitate employee self-set goals and reward effective self-leadership when it does occur. Overall, they create and nurture systems that allow teamwork and a holistic self-leadership culture to flourish† (Charles Manz, 2001, Leading Others to Lead Themselves, p. 221). I believe that Charlie and Charlie’s team would benefit from learning about their own leadership style by taking the Disc and TKI assessments and possibly creating smaller strategically paired teams within the group to come up with a foundation and vision for the direction in which the company should go as a whole. Lack of Candor Another example of where Charlie goes wrong is that he doesn’t develop an environment of trust where his people don’t hold back – even though he may not like conflict. As an example of this, Charlie has several meetings to ask his team what their thoughts are about how to compete. When you are an individual contributor, you try to have all the answers. Thats your job-to be an expert, the best at what you do, maybe even the smartest person in the room. When you are a leader, your job is to have all the questionsQuestioning, however, is never enough, following Rule 6: Leaders probe with curiosity that borders on skepticism, making sure your questions unleash debate and raise issues that get action (Welch, 2005, p. 74). Moore should first create an intentional communication strategy. His management team must understand and support a common vision with a common purpose. This requires clarity. Clarity begins with effective communication. He should make sure communication from his management team reaches all employees. The article by Ferrazzi (Harvard Business Review) indicates three specific techniques, developed from the authors research, which can help coworkers collaborate and interact more effectively. The techniques, which are based on creating trust that allows team members to speak candidly, are â€Å"dividing meetings into smaller groups, naming a candor advocate, and teaching how to give and receive feedback with a positive attitude† (Ferrazzi, 2012, Candor, Criticism, and Teamwork, p. 40). Team Dysfunctions The Chattanooga Ice Cream team is dysfunctional for several reasons. Some of those reasons include an absence of trust, avoidance, and not being accountable. Also, there is a lack of commitment amongst some managers. Moore is also looking for buy-in from all members for group decisions. There was no clear cut rule as to how decisions were going to be made. Simply put, Charles Moore failed to incorporate clear operating rules. Week Four 4 Lecture – Building High Performance Teams suggests that â€Å"when managers agree on ground rules in advance, the team is much more likely to run efficiently,† this is especially true with the Chattanooga Ice Cream team. According to Rick Johnson, Charlie could â€Å"Challenge is management team; ask for solutions, assigning both responsibility and empowerment accordingly to utilize individual skills. Ownership of ideas and initiatives builds commitment. Involving the team in creating direction and solutions through empowerment generat es commitment to the tasks necessary to meet objectives. A way to get over the major loss of a client and overshadow the â€Å"mourning†Ã‚  effect would be to challenge the management team to collectively bring in a new client or a few clients that could equal the departure of the one loss, in terms of volume. Also, Moore should create offsite team-building activities on a quarterly basis. The gatherings/outings should be used to build unification and trust in each other. New Direction for CICC Charles seems to want to be just another member of the team, an individual contributor, wanting to give his part instead of asking the explicit result-driven questions required of him in his leadership role. Welch, goes on to say, But thats the job. You want bigger solutions ask questions; healthy debate, decisions, and actions will get everyone there (p. 76). There is nowhere to go, if there is no one to lead. The dysfunctions of the team lie with the dysfunctions of the leader and no directions. Regardless of making the wrong or right decision, in regards to the CICC case, if no action is taken, then the company will fail for sure. As a Business Development Executive, I would tend to push the team to research and target other clients to fill the void left by the client lost, eliminating the somberness, creating motivation to accomplish a new goal, and strengthen the team by focusing efforts into one vision. He should run his team through assessments that could help him strategically pair individual weaknesses and strengths together, not only to complement each other going forward but to build credibility as a leader and start to build a foundation for candor, voice, and dignity going forward. Gaining new clients would most likely cost additional funds in the research and marketing and may cause little investment growth up front; however stabilizing the vision with a decision is making the correct effort to save this company under the current circumstances.

Philosophy of Market

The philosophy of social justice insists that everyone should be provided with equal opportunities as far as the social, economic and political circles are concerned. It specifically states that no particular member of the society should be given undue advantages over others in social, political or economic aspects of life. All citizens of a country are considered to be equal, as far as the opportunities in these circles are concerned.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy of Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The word ‘should’ is important in that it is used to point out the fact that every human being must be given equal chances in the three aspects, and none should be considered superior to others. Philosophy of unrestricted free market insists that the government must have doctrines that prohibit the use of fraud, undue force, contract breaching or theft. The most important rules concer ning property should be included as stated in the paragraph below. People should be free to use their property at their sole discretion and no rule should limit them using their private properties. They are entitled to transfer their private properties to other people. People are also prohibited from using undue force, theft or fraud to obtain other people’s properties. Citizens are also expected to stick to the terms of the contracts they willingly enter by means of signing. As per the unrestricted free market philosophy, the forces of demand and supply should be left to control the price of a given commodity without human intervention. The price of a given commodity should decrease with increase in supply, and correspondingly increase with the decrease in supply as per the law of demand and supply. The philosophy of a competitive free market insists that doctrines promoting free and fair competition should be put in place by the government. It argues that land and other pro perties should be widely distributed. Capital should be easily available to laborers as per this philosophy. Productive technology should be also made available without anybody claiming ownership for such a technology and its sole usage. The greatest strengths of the philosophy of unrestricted free market is the fact that it encourages hard work among the citizens of a particular country as one has to fight to get the necessary resources for production.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fact that price of a particular commodity is controlled by demand and supply forces is another strength as it encourages fairness in society, thus locking out the unnecessary rise of prices for particular commodities. The greatest weakness of this philosophy is that it does not limit one as far as contracting is concerned and also people are free to use their properties in whichever manner they want , even if the use has negative impact on other members of society. The greatest strengths of the philosophy of a competitive free market are as follows. It avoids long legal procedures involved in patenting technological ideas. It also avails resources to all members of society without discrimination. The weaknesses of this philosophy are as follows. It encourages laziness as one does not have to work hard to get the necessary production resource. Another weakness is that two or more inventors can claim the ownership over one technology since no patenting is required. This essay on Philosophy of Market was written and submitted by user Adel1ne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Patriarchy In Romeo & Juliet

in the scene threaten her disownment and possible death: An you’l... Free Essays on Patriarchy In Romeo & Juliet Free Essays on Patriarchy In Romeo & Juliet Patriarchal Politics in Fair Verona The imagery in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet reflects and often supports the time period’s stereotypes of men and women and their certain function and responsibilities in society. Shakespeare’s figurative language throughout the play portrays women with the following traits in relationship to men; silence, obedience, sexual chastity, patience and humility. This patriarchal potency is the root of conflict in the play and ends up causing the â€Å"star cross’d lovers’† demise. The role of women in Verona is made clear early on in the play. In the first scene you witness a conversation between Sampson and Gregory, both Capulet kinsmen. When Sampson says â€Å"†¦therefore women, being the weaker vessels†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" we see a definite distinction between who they consider inferior and superior. He then says, â€Å"I will be civil with the maids. I will cut off their heads.† To that he adds â€Å"or their maidenheads.† By saying this he assumes a patriarchal role of divine judge while comparing rape with execution, implying that either one would be a just punishment. This quote shows how important it was for a man in Verona to hold power over his inferiors, specifically women. The patriarchal power structure in the Capulet family, where Juliet’s father controls the action of each family member, places Juliet in an extremely vulnerable position. She is unable to speak of her true feelings or even vocalize her opinion on marriage. When her father enters late in Act 3 Scene 5 the plays central conflict is made obvious. By this time Romeo and Juliet have performed their marriage without any parental consent, which was an offense against her demanding father. After consummating this new union Juliet is brokenhearted and anxious after Romeo leaves the scene, she then has to deal with her father’s verbal lashing. His last words in the scene threaten her disownment and possible death: An you’l...

Free sample - The Importance of MBA Degree. translation missing

The Importance of MBA Degree. The Importance of MBA DegreeThe field of business management and administration comprises specific areas such as marketing, accounting, operations management etc. It’s my firm belief that successful business can’t do without employees possessing high level of proficiency and experience. Thus, I am convinced that it is MBA degree that provides great opportunities for aspired students with profound knowledge and potentials. MBA programs have significantly proved to lay the robust foundations of comprehensive business awareness necessary for ambitious, dependable, result-aimed leaders. Owing to the fact that the sphere of my knowledge application was and is still tightly connected with business management, I deeply realize that MBA is what I’m striving to obtain in order to further accumulate, cultivate and advance the attainments I’ve already got. Right after college I got down to work in the financial services industries namely at Citigroup, Investment Banking. By nature I am hard-working and willing to learn, so in this tough time I had to collect all my efforts not to let my team down. Because there were company staff cuts only two executives became to be responsible for the work done – my manager and me. My accountability, courage and rigor appeared to be the features which helped me successfully cope with the overwork and deadlines. The senior management decisions depended on my analyses and reports which needed to be accurate and faultless. Thus, efficiently and effectively performing my duties I managed to earn respect and become trustw orthy in the eyes of my colleagues. My further plans were conditioned by the desire to broaden the horizons of my activity in business. Moreover, my sense of responsibility was enhanced considering that I was a bread-winner in the family and the fact of my legal stay in the US only through the work visa was to some extent a challenge but I was persistent in reaching my aims. In June 2009 I became the member of Blueprint by Ronke (BbR) Event Management and thus was involved in event planning and management business. Such field of business presupposes active, initiative, creative and reliable people able both to organize and control team work, at the same time develop cohesion, unity and integrity among the members. My first project was concerned with showcasing diverse talents of different genres and I wanted to emphasize the many-faceted surrounding community and promote young artists. In addition, this event served financial contribution to the organization Link a Child focused on help for African children in need. I pursued high-standard show which could attract versatile individuals both the performers and professionals from music and media industry. It was a considerable step for me on the way of my career growth and development of supervising qualities along with previous experience as an executive. I was able to apply my managing skills to display contrast and individuality of people with varied flairs.

Lesson 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lesson 9 - Essay Example Thus, this comparison draws from the way the system of beliefs in each of the two societies shape people’s behavior so as to understand the magnitude of control that beliefs have on people. This will help appreciate the important role of beliefs in the society. Both essays reveal that in a given society, a system of beliefs serves as an important component by portraying how it governs the norms and practices of the members to a greater extent. The online society of anorexics and bulimics in the Floridian society has it practices motivated by a system of beliefs drawn from the Thin Commandments and the Ana Creed. The belief that â€Å"if thou aren’t thin, thou aren’t attractive† makes girls and women in Florida to join the pro-ana society which practice anorexia and bulimia so as to keep thin (Udovitch 112). Similarly, the Dakotan society does not support women writers who tell the truth in their works. This society believes that discouragements are not mea nt for public consumption, hence the reason why women writers should not tell the truth in their writings, otherwise they risk being separated from the society. Since setting oneself apart from the rest of the society is hard to do according to Norris (128), these women writers content in writing what is acceptable, the untruth. This similarity portrays a system of beliefs in a society as an important aspect in shaping the behavior of its members. It even overrides the truth to determine what they should and should not do. Udovitch and Norris, in their respective essays, allude on the importance of a system of beliefs in the society by fronting the argument of its unifying role. The writers bring out beliefs as the glue that puts people together physically and psychologically. In Florida, the girls and women who believe that if â€Å"you do wrong and you eat, then you sin† have been brought together to an online society where they share their experiences on their practice of anorexia and bulimia (Udovitch 110). With the rest of the Floridian society opposed to this practice, the online society provides a platform to meet with people of like minds. Even in Dakota, by female writers appreciating and abiding by the general belief that â€Å"if a discouraging word is heard, it is not for public consumption,† they become acceptable in the larger Dakotan society (Norris 127). These beliefs set a standard code of expected behaviors and norms which define a particular society. Observing this code promotes harmony among the members of the given society, thus uniting them. The need for sacrifices with regard to any system of beliefs in each of the essays enhances the importance that beliefs have to a society. For the Floridian women to achieve and maintain the thin body considered to be attractive, they have to suffer pain and sacrifice eating according to the anorexia practice. Furthermore, a woman observing the anorexia and bulimia beliefs has to sacrifi ce her publicity because as one of the members confesses, â€Å"I can’t just come out and tell them I don’t eat†¦ they will get on my case† (Udovitch 111). These women sacrifice the comfort of free-will eating and publicity of their practices, which could cause deterrence from the public, so as to live up to the expectations of their beliefs. In the same way, the Dakotan women writers sacrifice the truth so as to be acceptable in the

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the Assignment - 1

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the topic) - Assignment Example On my arrival, I noticed I did not know anyone and all those in attendance were Chinese and I do not know even know a single Spanish word. I knew this was going to be very hard for me because of the language barrier. All eyes were on me and I felt even more uncomfortable. I knew everyone expected me to introduce myself since I looked just out place. I did not know if responding with a nod would be considered disrespectful, but it was my only option. I had seen in Chinese movies that when they greeted each other they bowed as a sign of respect, I was going to collaborate with nodding with hopes of not embarrassing myself. Finally, someone came to the door and introduced herself to me in Chinese I nodded and I bowed slightly. She bowed too, and asked me to come in, in English. I felt so relieved and I explained to her that I did not know Chinese. She laughed and told me that I was in luck that she was there since no one else in the family spoke English. She explained to me that when she introduces me to the mourners it is respectful to stand up, smile, and look at them with ease and after the introduction; I could shake hands (Kao, 9). She introduced me as her cousin’s friend and explained that I did not know Chinese or anything to do with their culture. They looked at me with smiley faces with some even giggling and this made feel very much at ease. After the service, I took time to talk to her and she told me a few things about her culture including how to use chopsticks. I regretted not taking an interest to learn the language or even to know how to say hi when my friend was still alive. I learnt a lot at that burial and it created an interest to study the Chinese language. I in return taught them a few things about our culture and our food. I realized that there is always something new and interesting in other cultures. If people would take more time to learn about each

Promoting Indigenous Family Health Essay Example for Free

Promoting Indigenous Family Health Essay It is a known fact that Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander populations don’t live as long as their western counterparts as shown by AMA Health Report Card (2011). ‘Closing the Gap’ (Calma 2008) is a campaign aimed at a national attempt to support and bring equity in health to our Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. In order to be successful in this we must identify the key issues causing this inequity and through public awareness and government campaigns such as ‘closing the gap’, we become closer to our goal of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders reaching a full and greater life expectancy. Health reform initiatives are used to promote health care within their communities and encourage Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders to be educated about their own health. As a nurse, in order to assist in this process, an understanding of family centred health care and the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander concept of family must be utilized. With these two nursing skills, the local health initiatives and government campaign’s, we are providing the best opportunity and support for Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities to take control of their health and ultimately ‘close the gap’. Key issues contributing to the ‘gap’ in health and life expectancy, as identified by AMA (2011), include; low income, limited education, low levels of employment, poor housing, affordability of health care, geographical access to health care and the acceptability of the health care practice to Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (2013) is a local health reform initiative for Aboriginals and Torres straight Islanders that provides a culturally secure environment where they can access health care due to it’s geographical location, affordability and mostly acceptability. Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (IAMS 2013) has two centers within the Illawarra making it geographically accessible. The center is entirely aimed towards the better health of Aboriginals and Torres Straight Islanders, ensuring all health care is affordable and providing as much assistance and support where it may be needed to help these communities improve their health. The main key issue identified by AMA (2011) that is addressed within the IAMS (2013), is the acceptability. The two medical centers are entirely based on the care given to the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities, making them specialized and aware of cultural beliefs, customs and the correct communication techniques. The Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Services also employ Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander members of the community as their staff providing a culturally secure environment and a greater concept of family centred care and the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander concept of family within their approach. The AMA (2011) states that Indigenous health workers are significant in facilitating the journey of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders to better health. This also provides opportunities to the Indigenous communities to gain employment, contributing to the resolution for issues of low income and low levels of employment, as identified in the AMA Report Card (2011). Centers such as these provide Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander families a culturally secure, accessible and affordable method to be treated for their health issues in a more comfortable surrounding. On a larger scale the Department of Health and Ageing run by the Australian Government have many programs and health reform initiates in place to assist in ‘closing the gap’ as identified by Calma (2008). Element three of the Indigenous Early Childhood Development National Partnership Annual Report (2011) have a goal of increasing the provision of maternal and child health services of Indigenous children and their mothers. To achieve this, the Child and Maternal Health Services component of their program includes $90. 3million to be used for New Directions Mothers and Babies Services (Department of Health and Ageing 2011). This initiative increases access for Indigenous mothers and their children to; antenatal and postnatal care, education and assistance with breastfeeding, nutrition and parenting, monitoring of immunization status and infections, health checks and referrals for Indigenous children before starting school and monitoring developmental milestones. This initiative provides Indigenous communities with access to health care that promotes better health in the new generation of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Australians, designed to assist with ‘closing the gap’ by raising a new generation with fewer health issues. With this, we are able to address key issues identified by AMA (2011). The main key issue addressed by this initiative is access. Consultations are held with Aboriginal Health Forums to assist in the identification of priority areas for child and maternal health services. In their annual report, the Department of health and Ageing (2011) state that this ensures that access is given those most in need considering, geographic location, affordability and acceptance. The second key issue identified in the AMA Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Health Report Card (2011) addressed by this initiative is education. The funding provided builds a solid base for providing much needed education to mothers about their babies and already existing children. In order for a program such as this to be successful, health professionals allocated to educating Aboriginals and Torres Straight islanders must be equipped and prepared to deal with the problems faced by cultural barriers as well as being experienced in a family centred care approach (Taylor Guerin 2010). Family centred nursing care is an important factor in the health outcome of any given patient (Bamm Rosenbaum 2008). They also claim that there is no exact definition of family, instead, the meaning of family and their level of involvement in care provided, is determined by the patient themselves. The core concepts of successful family centred care are; respect and dignity, information sharing, participation, and collaboration (IFPCC 2013). These principles are the main constituents of effective family centred health care, and ultimately better health outcomes for the patient themselves (Mitchell, Chaboyer Foster 2007). These concepts can be utilized, with a correct nursing approach, regardless of age, gender or cultural differences. To provide the best family centred care to Indigenous Australians, nurses must utilize the main concepts above, but also have an understanding of the Indigenous concept of family. The Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander population have strong family values, however, it differs from the usual nuclear concept of family in common ‘western’ society. Their family has an extended structure, and in order to provide adequate family centred care, this concept must be understood by health professionals on all levels, including nurses (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). This concept of extended family and their Indigenous ‘community’ as their family means that children are not only the concern of their biological parents, but the entire community. Care of the children in indigenous communities is the responsibility of everyone. Family members can be blood-related, through marriage or through their community, such as elders. It is normal for a combination of mothers, fathers, uncles, aunties, cousins, brothers, sisters or elders to be involved into the care of the individual and these figures must be treated as their direct family even if not directly blood-related (NSW Department of Community Servies 2009). In order to provide family centred care, to not only Indigenous but also all patients, a therapeutic relationship and foundation of trust should be developed (Baas 2012). The principles of family centred care should also be incorporated, especially respect of the Indigenous culture and maintaining their dignity. Respect and dignity, combined with trust and a therapeutic relationship within the Indigenous community, information sharing, participation and collaboration should follow once enough trust has been developed. To gain the trust of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander patient’s and their family, firstly an understanding of their culture should be pertained. When needed, to be aware of such customs as ‘Men’s and Women’s business’, and to respect these practices within your care (Tantiprasut and Crawford 2003). This shows the patient and their family members, you respect them and their culture. Introducing yourself in a friendly and polite manner, including all family members present and always respecting cultural values is key to receiving respect back and developing trust. Acknowledge and actively listen to the needs of the Indigenous people and also their community in a culturally appropriate manner. As described in the practice resource for working with Indigenous communities published by DOCS (2009) showing respect for their elders and community leaders and involving them in important decision making processes will also show that you respect them, their culture and that they can trust you and eventually your advice regarding health issues. In order to successfully be accepted by the community, communication techniques need to be specialized to avoid offending any members of the family or misinterpreting their language. Gaining a basic knowledge of their community will assist in understanding the dominant family groups, language groups and preferred names. This ensures you don’t step out of your boundaries and remain respectful in your approach to their care. Including or consulting with Aboriginal health care workers regarding communication and Aboriginal-English would be beneficial to adequately understand their method of communication. Understanding non-verbal methods of communication and being aware of your own non-verbal communication is highly appropriate when consulting with Indigenous communities. Always speaking with respect, clearly, and avoiding jargon will deliver the best results when building a relationship within the tribes (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). Remaining open minded when consulting with Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities in aspects of communication and family relations will avoid incorrect assumptions. It is also high important to play an active role within the community and their events. According to NSW Department of Community Services (2009) within Indigenous communities’ word of mouth is a powerful tool, once an outsider is known as someone who listens actively and can be trusted, the community will be eager to work collaboratively and participate in your health approach (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). When the principles of family centred care; trust, dignity, collaboration and participation, have all been achieved and a therapeutic relationship within the community has developed, the community will listen to your health advice. When introducing a health concept to the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander families it is important to engage them actively into your care (NSW Department of Community Services 2008). Using appropriate communication techniques to explain health issues and the reasons they need to be addressed provides them with education and knowledge regarding why interventions need to be implemented. Allowing them to discuss their options and decide as a community is also important, forcing them to uptake medical help could be seen as disrespectful. Allowing time to answer all questions and concerns from various members of the family in a manner they can understand identifies that you are actively listening and honestly concerned for their health. Demaio and Dysdale 2012 show that continuity of involvement in their community, and providing a continuous support network will only further build their trust in your advice. The ‘gap’ in health and life expectancy between Indigenous Australians and ‘westernised’ Australians is a concerning issue within the country (Calma 2008). Health reform initiatives are funded by the government and local organisations to provide accessible, affordable and culturally safe health care to our Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. These initiatives are designed to address the key issues identified in the AMA Report Card (2011) regarding barriers to health care. Approaching Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander family communities utilizing the family health care principles and with a knowledge of their concept of community family and understanding of their culture increases positive outcomes in their health education and furthermore assisting to ‘close the gap’. References Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Corporation 2013, ‘Ilawarra Aboriginal Medical Service’, viewed 27 April 2013 www. illawarraams. com. au Australian Medical Association 2011, Best practice in primary health care for Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders, viewed 28 April 2013 http://ama. com. au/aboriginal-reportcard2010-11 Baas, L 2012, ‘Patient and family centred care’, Heart and Lung, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 534-535. Bamm, E, Rosenbaum, P 2008, ‘Family centred theory: origins, development, barriers and supports to implementation in rehabilitation medicine’, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, vol. 89, no. 8, pp. 1618-1624. Calma, T, 2008, ‘Closing the Gap: Campaign for Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander health inequality by 2030’, Australian Government, Canberra. Demaio, A, Drysdale, M 2012, ‘Appropriate health promotion for Australian Aboriginal and torres straight islander communities: crucial for closing the gap’, Global Health Promotion, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 58-62. Department of Health and Ageing 2011, Indigenous Early Childhood Development National Partnership Annual Report, viewed 28 April 2013 http://www. health. gov. au/internet/main/publishing. nsf/Content/1D00A20690DD46EFCA2579860081EEE4/$File/NewDirectionsMothersandBabiesServices-AnnualReport2010-11. pdf IPFCC 2013, Institute for patient and family centred care, viewed 28 April 2013 www. ipfcc. org. au Mitchell, M, Chaboyer, W, Foster, M 2007, ‘Positive effects of a nursing intervention on family-centred care in adult critical care’, American Journal of Critical Nursing, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 543-552. NSW Deparment of Community Services 2008, Brighter futures: engaging with aboriginal children and families, viewed 28 April 2013 http://www. community. nsw. gov. au/docswr/_assets/main/documents/brighterfutures_enagaging_aboriginal. pdf NSW Department of Community Services 2009, Working with aboriginal communities – a practice resource, viewed 28 April 2013 http://www. community. nsw. gov. au/docswr/_assets/main/documents/working_with_aboriginal. pdf Tantiprasut, L, Crawford, J 2003, ‘Australian Aboriginal Culture’, R. I. C Publications, Sydney. Taylor, K, Guerin, P 2010, Health care and Indigenous Australians: cultural safety in practice, Palgrave Macmillan, South Yarra.

Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Essay -- Bipolar Disorder Es

Maria grew up in a small town in Ohio as an only child. She was always energetic from the time she was born and a little moody at times. Her parents thought it was normal because their son would have an attitude at times too. It was when she graduated college and started her first career. As top chief at a new restaurant in town, she was stressed to the max dealing with a full staff and managers who like telling her what she should do. At the time, she was also dealing with a messy breakup from her fiancà © of 9 months. After about 4 months of this constant stress Maria decided she was going to take a week off and let her staff run the restaurant. However, she did not show to work after her week off and no one had heard from her in four days. One of her close friends went to her house to check on her and noticed she had not moved from the bed it what seemed a couple days. Her friend convinced her to come to work and it would cheer her up. However, after about a m onth of not feeling normal she had this bright idea to move to Morocco and open her own restaurant. The next day she cleaned her bank account and bought a ticket to Morocco. However before she could fly over her friends from the restaurant convinced her to stay one more day so they could say goodbye. However, instead they took her to see a clinical psychologist who focused on mood disorders, especially Bipolar Disorder. The therapist found out from her that her Aunt (biological mother’s sister) had moments where she had fun extreme ideas when Maria was about 12 years old and they would go out and just do whatever idea her Aunt came up with. As well, her Aunts daughter showed signs of having manic episodes that mimicked her own behavior. The therap... ... & Anthony, E. (2010). Lay theories of bipolar disorder: The causes, manifestations and cures for perceived bipolar disorder. International Journal Of Social Psychiatry, 56(3), 255-269. doi:10.1177/0020764008095173 Nolen, W. A., & Weisler, R. H. (2013). The association of the effect of lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder with lithium plasma levels: A post hoc analysis of a double†blind study comparing switching to lithium or placebo in patients who responded to quetiapine (Trial 144). Bipolar Disorders, 15(1), 100- 109. doi:10.1111/bdi.12027 Solomon, D. A., Keitner, G. I., Ryan, C. E., Kelley, J., & Miller, I. W. (2008). Preventing recurrence of bipolar I mood episodes and hospitalizations: Family psychotherapy plus pharmacotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone. Bipolar Disorders, 10(7), 798-805. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00624.x

Gump’s Musical Box of Chocolates Essay

Project Overview   Audience worldwide was hit by the wisdom of a mentally challenged character named Forrest Gump who lived in America throughout the 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s. Forrest Gump lived a full life despite his mental condition. He participated and became a very special part in the many histories that shaped the nation. As important events surround the main character, he also essentially evolves into a man with his sense of American values intact, unstirred and pure.   At the least, theme of the film revolves around the circumstances found in one’s environment that eventually shapes the citizen but moreso, the movie is about how a most unlikely American citizen was able to help shape his country just by being true to himself. But more than anything else, the movie adaptation of the 1985 novel by Winston Groom sets itself apart as a film inspired by its musical scores. Forest Gump, the movie, was born during the time when Hollywood films were relentlessly doing films in order to sell its soundtracks. At most times, a movie fan would find himself realizing that all the songs used in the movie are packaged in music CDs sold in stores. The more familiar these songs were, the better a young group of audience would enjoy and remember the film, but not the movie Forrest Gump. This paper aims to discuss the history surrounding the film and how it was used to weave the story into a creative fiction that borders the documentary film genre. The paper will choose one scene and proceed with an in depth music analysis of the scene in relation to the whole theme of the movie. And finally, the discourse will point out arguments that make and unmake categorizing this film under fiction or under the documentary genre. History of work surrounding the film   Highlights in America’s history were used in throughout the film so much so that the viewer will realize this pattern a few minutes after the opening of the movie. The screenwriters was able to do this by focusing on the life of Forrest Gump from being a child with braces to becoming a millionaire who just had to send his son to school for the rest of his life. Amongst the highlights of the film worth discourse is Forrest Gump’s joining the Vietnam war without even understanding the whole issues of the war. For some critics looking just above the movie’s thesis, they would be enraged at the idea that the film espouses dumb American college graduates that join in the war are the ones who actually live and become a hero. However, the beauty of the war scenes is the ability of the movie to present the reality of the actual era using music and songs juxtaposed in those scenes. Scene Analysis   The effectiveness of film music lie in its capacity to set a scene to transform itself from the usual to the memorable. Many of the scenes in the movie elaborate on three levels of symbolisms. It’s narrative deals with the life of one man, it’s visuals elaborate on the life of a nation while the music used presented that cultural insights found by the generation as synthesized into a hallmark hit song. The scenes that relate to the interactions of Forrest and Jenny, the girl in Forrest life from childhood to adulthood are the bookmarks of the film. Each meeting is juxtaposed with a popular music very much relevant to the year being shown. The popular music are sung by musicians that topped the charts during their era due to the creativity of their songs to project the general sentiments of the prevailing American Culture. For example, in the scene when Jenny who was at the hippie stage of the flower power culture met Forrest who was at that time was just given a congressional medal by the government for being a hero during the Vietnam war where he was able to save his whole platoon except for his best friend Bubba, met at the national capital. Though they were dressed differently, the two friends had the time of their lives to exchange what happened to them while one was away. This slow movement of two friends circling the D.C. monument was surrounded with the music of The Byrds entitled â€Å"Turn! Turn! Turn! (to Everything There is a Season†. The Byrds was considered a major band in the 1960s that helped bridge the gap between Bob Dylan’s socially conscious folk music and the Beatles’ hybrid pop creations. The Byrds was in the crossroads, much like where Forrest and Jenny were in the scene at the Washington DC monument. The band helped facilitate other rock subgenres such as the folk, space, raga, psychedelic, jangle and country rock. â€Å"Turn! Turn! Turn!† was one of the many markers of the band. The song theme revolved around change that was happening to America in the 60s. So much decision and events were happening causing many things to change including worldview, lifestyles and cultures. In the Washington DC scene, the audience is given a breather to hope for the possibility of Forrest and Jenny to finally be together since Forrest was now a medaled soldier. The music even helped suggest this because the lyrics involved the fact of life where there is a time for everything. â€Å"To everything – turn, turn, turn, there is a season – turn, turn, turn And a time for every purpose under heaven, a time to be born, a time to die A time to plant, a time to reap, a time to kill, a time to heal A time to laugh, a time to weep† The lyrics above prove that the music chosen for this scene carried the deeper subtext of the scene. To illustrate, the Vietnam war was a monumental venue where America had the chance to ‘turn’ and change its worldviews. If it was Jenny being asked to ‘turn’ during the scenes in Washington DC, the scene ended up with Jenny boarding a bus away from Forrest Gump who have just professed his love and wanting to take care of her. Unfortunately, much like war hungry politicians, Jenny still decided not to turn and continue living the American disparate life. With this kind of music use in film format, the success of the scoring lie in its ability to stand strongly at par with the particular scene being performed. â€Å"The deeper reality of film music, the necessity which found body in its lucky accident, involves the way the film tries to evoke a sort of temporary and illusive â€Å"film-subjectivity,† which closely mimics our everyday subjectivity. To do this, the film must rely on tactics far beyond simply spinning a good yarn. The film experience must imitate in some way all three overlapping dimensions of subjective reality: the symbolic, the real and the imaginary. The method by which this is done involves very heavily the use of film music.† (Spande, 2006) For example, the song â€Å"Fortunate Sons† that was used in the Vietnam war scenes was actually a hit during the 60s because it exposed the discrimination of the times. On the scene, Forrest and Bubba becomes good friends despite their differences in race but the subtext of the song used reminded the audience that during that time the discrimination against sending governments officials’ sons to the war was an issue that was never discussed lengthly in the movies.   But using â€Å"Fortunate Sons† is just one of the film’s tactics using music to get the movie theme’s a little deeper into analysis. Argument of the Film’s Genre   The film is definitely a documentary film if the scholar would take the character of Forrest Gump out of every historical scene set up. Since one cannot do that, the film becomes categorized under the ‘mockumentary’ film genre that is also known as fictional documentary or also called as false documentary. When filmmakers would want to project satire and parodies in historical events or real life documentaries, they would opt to use mockumentaries. Gump’s being an artfilm type of mockumentary is done by its creative and effective choice of music that would highlight each scene. Forrest Gump is one of those films where the audience would get to realize that each song played has a purposive element attached to the movie and not merely placed just to make the soundtrack sell.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Forrest Gump has elements that would tend to mock at historical events established and regarded highly by society. One example to visualize the genre in the film is the scene where Forrest Gump narrates how it just simply rained in Vietnam. Describing the rain borders on the ultimate mockery made on film against the Vietnam war where thousands of American soldiers died just to experience rain coming from all sides of a walking, sleeping or running soldier. Another example would be the juxtaposing Forrest on filmed documentaries where the President of the United States shakes hands with Forrest, not knowing the Vietnam war veteran hero and the Ping-Pong American Champion who conquered China had below average IQ. And the most ingenius mockery at real documentaries is when Forrest Gump is insinuated as part ‘creator’ of Elvis Presley famous rock and roll dance steps and John Lennon’s hit song ‘Imagine’.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though the movie follows the mock documentary genre, it trail blazes the particular film genre by its crafty juxtaposition of the very effective music. The musical scores of the scenes help the mock documentary be elevated into a higher kind of mock documentary film. What may be trivial onscreen is transformed into an author’s stand on the issue by means of the theme that the particular song is playing. The scene, for scholarly viewers therefore becomes an essay. This effective soundtrack helps the film elevate itself towards being an art film. The fact that producers said that the film did not earn as much proves that Forrest Gump can sit with art films under the mockumentary category. Summary   Forrest Gump is a classic piece of modern art film where it successfully used music, history and a timeless piece of character to present the wisdom in surviving American life during the decades of the 50s throughout the early 80s. The movie did not solely focused on Gump’s being mentally challenged. The movie started with that situation but ended up triumphantly with Gump achieving so much more than a lot other people would be able to do so. And he did that by just remaining as true to himself. Just like all the music used throughout the film, these cuts all came from hit albums of the composers who have achieved leadership not only in the song charts during their time. These songs and their composers have essentially becomes historical bookmarks, elements of change, transformation agents of history in both their fields and in American society. References: Forrest Gump. DVD. 1994 Spande, Robert. 2006. Three Regimes: A Theory of Film Music [http://web.archive.org/web/20031208182300/http://www.franklinmarketplace.com/filmmusic.html]

Real Beauty Sketches Essay

In April 2013, Dove launched a â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign after performing marketing research and discovering that only 2% of all women consider themselves to be â€Å"beautiful†. In an effort to boost self-esteem and moral, Dove introduced a television ad in the form, which incorporated a powerful and touching social experiment. In this commercial, several different women are asked to describe their physical appearance to a forensic sketch artist, who cannot see them as he sketches their physical descriptions. They are told to use neutral terms, and to â€Å"stick to the facts† when describing their own self-reflections. Next, the same women are described to the same forensic sketch artist by a complete stranger, whom they had only met the day before. The strangers are given the same instructions. At the end of this unknown experiment, both descriptions are drawn by the artist and then compared. Upon comparison, it is incredibly obvious that the stranger’s physical descriptions of the subject are more flattering, and more accurate depict the subject’s true appearance. The commercial sends a very inspiring, real message to the women: to be less critical of yourself, and to embrace the natural beauty of womanhood. After the experiment took place, one woman admitted, â€Å"I should be more grateful of my natural beauty. It impacts the choices and the friends we make; the jobs we apply for; how we treat our children; it impacts everything. It couldn’t be more critical to your happiness. † To the same point, another woman added, â€Å"we spend a lot of time as women analyzing and trying to fix the things that aren’t quite right, and we should spend more time appreciating the things that we do like. † The commercial ends with a powerful and honest message: â€Å"You are more beautiful than you think. † The â€Å"Real Beauty Sketches† ad resulted in widespread reactions worldwide- some positive, some negative. Many praised the commercial for its ability to acknowledge and accept natural beauty and what society may traditional deem as physical â€Å"flaws†. But there were many negative critics as well. Despite the good nature behind the commercial’s intent, many criticized the ad for its heavy emphasis on physical appearance. Critics claimed that Dove’s advertisement still focused too heavily on the physical appearance of woman, and its remaining influence as the single-most defining element of a woman’s worth; as opposed to her personality or personal achievements. Which led me to question: How could this advertisement be improved to focus on the â€Å"true beauty† and essence of a woman’s worth? The message is a refreshing change from the typical message that beauty supply companies often send; instead of shaming women into purchasing things to make them more â€Å"beautiful†, Dove takes a non-traditional approach by supporting the natural beauty, without the enhancement of material products. Although this may seem to counter-act their ultimate goal of selling beauty products, Dove gains seeks to gain more than just revenue- they seek to gain self-confidence and acceptance. But in order to overcome the heavy emphasis of a woman’s physical appearance as the defining element of a woman’s worth, I think it is important to emphasis how the woman achieved her â€Å"beauty lines†, wrinkles, or â€Å"flaws†. Perhaps pulling on the viewer’s emotional heartstring of laughter and love would prove to play a beautiful part in the development of a woman’s wrinkles around her eyes, or expression lines in her forehead. By approaching the beauty from this marketing angle, marketers are focusing on the internal beauty that a woman envelopes, and justifies their natural beauty with self-worth and personal accomplishment. By casting very â€Å"average† and â€Å"typical† looking women, marketers sought to appeal to the majority of women, in an effort to reflect a more realistic depiction of women. By refraining from using â€Å"traditionally† beautiful women, viewers and women find the message to be more relatable to themselves. Marketing Applications: In April 2013, Dove marketers applied a story-like short film to their Real Beauty campaign, in an effort to reveal each woman’s true natural beauty. Marketing Relevance: Marketing emphasis: to encourage the improvement of self-image and confidence among women worldwide. Dove marketers sought to prove that â€Å"we† are our own worst critics, and that our own self-image is often skewed and far less beautiful than our true natural beauty suggests. Intangible elements: Dove focused on producing a moral campaign that reflects the ideals and beliefs of their corporate personnel. In this powerful, thought-provoking message, Dove effectively used an emotional story to â€Å"make a culturally positive difference†. Marketers drew upon an emotional appeal in an attempt to attach these positive ideas to their own product line. In doing so, Dove successfully attached an extension of their own feelings to their product, as well as their corporate image. Many accredit the campaign’s success to its ability tap into deep-seated emotions and â€Å"hit on a real human truth for women. Many women undervalue themselves and also the way they look. † In this ad, Dove focused on the emotional appeal, rather than simply â€Å"communicating a particular product or service benefit. † As a result, consumers will be more likely to remember the positive emotions that the advertisement evoked, and thus, â€Å"associate them with Dove products. † Discussion Questions:

How to Clean Out Your Inbox in 5 Easy Steps

How to Clean Out Your Inbox in 5 Easy Steps We all start with the best of intentions: an empty inbox (except for our most current unread or action-required emails), and an array of carefully labeled file folders containing all the rest. But one busy week or month, and we spiral far beyond our own control- until we’re one of those people with 12,429 unread emails, or with page after page after page of unfiled, undeleted stuff  and no time to sit down and fix it.But clearing clutter is as important in your inbox as it is in your working space. So take an hour, turn off all distractions- maybe even the Internet!- and get the monster that is your email back in working order.Determine Who’s WhoStart by sorting your inbox by sender. This helps you get rid of page after page of newsletters and promotions you no longer need, plus it helps you weed out the unimportant and deletable emails from more important senders.Go IncognitoFor the purposes of this exercise, you’re not â€Å"checking your email.† No ma tter how quickly you can do it, resist the temptation to start replying to time-sensitive messages. There’ll be plenty of time for that. Flag the ones that require replies and move on.Find Your SystemNo one else’s organization system will work better for you than your own. Find a filing and labeling system that works best for you- and makes your job easier, not harder. If the idea of applying such a system retroactively is too daunting for you, you could always put everything not current into a folder labeled â€Å"BEFORE† and rely on search to call up older emails and start fresh.Be RuthlessPretend each email is a piece of physical mail, slowly piling up on top of your desk, and repeat: I don’t have to keep everything. Keeping a paper trail with important stuff is crucial, but just because you can keep and store a billion emails doesn’t mean you should. Free up disk and head space and hit delete whenever you can.Know Your TricksUsing your keyboard shortcuts (arrow keys, â€Å"shift,† â€Å"delete,† etc.) can make this process go much faster. Try finding a way to make the process go like lightning, rather than using your mouse to click on every email.

Taking Creative Control by Self-Publishing My Books

Taking Creative Control by Self-Publishing My Books How Self-Publishing Gave me the Creative Control I Needed Christina Hamlett is an award-winning author whose credits to date include 34 books, 161 plays, five optioned feature films, and hundreds of articles and interviews. She is also a script consultant for the movie industry and a professional ghostwriter. Read on to find out about her experience with traditional publishing and her decision to take creative control of her book into her own hands.Twenty-six years later, I still remember the unabashed giddiness I felt when my agent told me that my first novel, The Enchanter, was going to be published in hardcover. When the editor sent me a long questionnaire to fill out regarding the type of artwork I envisioned for the cover, I couldn’t have been more excited. I had definite ideas about the kind of â€Å"look† I wanted to fit the romantic time-travel storyline of a handsome young Merlin coming to modern-day Washington DC in order to recover the stolen Excalibur.Traditional publishing and a lack of creative controlYou can, th us, imagine how deflated I felt when the cover art arrived, and I had no say-so in requesting changes. Not only had the artists decided to leave off the two main characters but the sword they featured was clearly for one-handed French duelling and not Arthurian legend-making. Dratimus maximus.When, a few years later, I was contracted for four romantic suspense novels with HarperCollins, my assumption was that I’d actually get covers that reflected my input as the author. Not so. In fact, the third book – Hunter’s Heart – had to be hastily withdrawn and fixed in order to erase the heroine’s accidental mustache, a mistake that at least four people at HC failed to notice during production. If there’s architecture that’s significant to the setting, don’t force your designer to interpret what â€Å"a big house with a lot of trees† looks like. Is it Georgian Colonial? Craftsman? Cape Cod? French Provincial? Are the trees Oak? Palm? Evergreen? Willow? Your designer is not psychic.Respect your designer’s time. Having done book covers for my own clients, nothing is more infuriating than someone who keeps changing his/her mind.Remember to provide a design credit. While most authors do this on the back cover or acknowledgments page, my choice was to give Isabelle her own photo and bio at the end of the book. That placement was indeed well deserved!Just Say You’re Mine is available in paperback on Amazon US, Amazon UK, and Amazon Canada. Find out more on Christina's website!Have you gone through the process of both traditional publishing and self-publishing a book? Is full creative control something that matters to you? Leave your thoug hts, experiences, or any questions for Christina in the comments below.

How important is the Constitution of Qatar for you Essay

How important is the Constitution of Qatar for you - Essay Example The constitution guarantees certain rights for all citizens and confirms in writing all details surrounding government and citizen responsibilities. This is very good because it prevents conflict when people disagree about tenure of office, or the rules for different government systems. I like this written constitution because it explains complicated relationships between the Emir, the politicians, and the leaders and citizens in my country. The constitution is important to me for another reason, and this is the fact that it helps other countries to see what Qatar is like: a modern, Islamic state with a fair and just legal system. The constitution combines the traditional values of Islam with modern democratic processes, such as elections, an Advisory Council, Cabinet and various rules for emergency situations, State Budget, etc. Qatar needs these systems to be clear so that Qatar can join in with other countries on an equal and respected basis. We have a very long history, going back to the Stone Age, but other countries may not know how Qatari society has evolved. This constitution shows people what Qatar has achieved, and how it organizes things in society. If, in the future, Qatar wants to develop or change any systems, then it has a good basis for that now, and Article 144 provides a mechanism for suggesting and approving amendments to any of the articles. I think there will be changes to the constitution in the future, but the constitution ensures that any changes will be carefully discussed by the government. It would be dangerous to have too much power in the hands of just a few people, and the constitution guarantees a balance between different groups in society. The judges are independent, (Qatari Constitution, Article 131) and this is very important to me because if I have a business there, or own some land, or have any problems with a neighbour, for example, then I can turn to the

What does Nevada gaming policy Committee should consider that will Essay

What does Nevada gaming policy Committee should consider that will improve the gaming industry or the regulation of the gaming industry - Essay Example This paper will discuss ways that Nevada gaming policy committee should consider to improve the gaming industry or regulation of the gaming industry. Nevada gaming policy committee can improve gaming industry or the regulation of the gaming industry by enlisting outside directors. Although recruitment of outside executives is a challenge for licensed gaming corporations, outside managers with strong credentials in disciplines like marketing, finance as well as information technology can bring formidable contributions to a proprietor’s growth and management. It is a shame that most prospective outside managers have under no circumstances been accredited in the gaming industry. However, when such persons encounter the mandatory certifying procedure in all its complexity and scope, they frequently decline directorships in gaming corporations; they cannot validate undergoing the indiscreet background check as well as suitability investigation intended for a part-time duty. This occurrence shrinks the ocean of talented persons available to aid this crucial function for casino industry (Stewart 6). Nevada gaming policy committee can improve regulation of the gaming industry by removing redundant regulatory filings. Within different U.S. authorities, licensees have to file specific trimestral and yearly reports, which no longer aid a material monitoring purpose. In specific cases, the material within the reports, which generally are on management, finances and ownership of the licensee are available to controllers online or elsevia other licensee tenders. However, even when a report requests simply for such predictable information, the licensee has to formulate it with caution and authenticate its precision; gaming regulation enacts stiff fines for errors within any certified report. If every licensee in Nevada must file 5 unnecessary statements

Australia Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Australia Politics - Essay Example As a response to a process through which 'politics' itself is being redefined, cynicism has greater than before and the proportion of casual or swinging voters has augmented from around 5 per cent before 1972 to about 30 per cent in the premature 1990s (During, S. 2002, pp. 339-53). In other words, traditional allegiances and processes of political identification have been dissolving since the mid 1970s. The 'Australian Settlement' can be sight as embodying a political settlement, as well as financial and educational settlements. This political settlement took the form of the two-party system that came into being subsequent the fusion among the Free Traders and the Protectionists to generate a solitary liberal party in 1909. The fusion brought into being a simple Labor-non-Labor separation in Australian politics a split that was to characterise the nature of politics for the whole of the era of Modern Australia. Moreover, it was the 'Australian Settlement', which defined what politics was to be about in Modern Australia. As Ian Marsh has put it, the 'two party arrangement crystallised this pattern of politics and restricted the scope of government to the idea of Australia which was tacitly decided in the 1909 settlement'. It is worth recalling that at the time of the creation of the two-party system Australia possessed only limited cultural diversity. Most of the Australian population, except for a small elite, was educated to a primary level, which is not surprising given that the majority of them were employed in manual or semi-skilled occupations. The employment opportunities for women were equally restricted (Robert Murray, pp. 23). The politics created and definite by the two-party system reproduce the realities of Australian life, and the division among labour and capital was at the centre of that realism. It was likely for both parties to follow a national attention, as defined by the 'Australian Settlement', even as they differ over the precise form of that national interest (Fowler, H. and Wainwright, M. 2001, pp 337-339). Aim Our aim has been to show how literacy debates are fundamentally a contest of social visions and ideologies. The documentary history is about how community debates over literacy and teaching have been used to endorse dissimilar versions of suitable behaviour, and dissimilar visions of the ideal literate student and inhabitant. It effort For a succinct Australian account of this compass reading to past work, see Tyler and Johnson (1991). to explain the varied and rival images of the literate and uneducated, and of the causes and penalty of literacy and illiteracy, and offer an account of how and why literacy' came to matter in Australian educational and political Life. We will now talk about some of the insinuation and findings from the research, and propose how it continues to notify our labor on literacy formations and instructive politics. Scope No doubt, Australia's place in global trade turn out to be more shaky in the last quarter of the twentieth century. By the 1980s Australia was considerably less spirited in world terms, not capable to sell abroad goods and services in the quantities and at the prices wanted to sustain customary prosperity. Australia's exports grow year by year but not as fast or as gainfully as those of many additional countries, and its share of earth trade fell between 1953 and

Strategic Management Analysis Of Telecom Industry Commerce Essay

Strategic Management Analysis Of Telecom Industry Commerce Essay Purpose The paper aims to emphasize a positive change toward the strategic management and decision making. It brings out a few lacking that are important to know for the industry. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for an exploratory study including interviews and group discussion with employees representing middle and senior management. Data is increased by applying the analytical tools, the descriptions of internal processes, and organizational structures, magazine articles and the web. Findings The paper provides practical understandings about the strategic management analysis and organizational structure. Practical implications The paper includes detailed analysis of the various factors that need to be catered for. That includes SWOT analysis of the organization and deep study of structuring of organization. Originality/value The paper fulfills the need of exploring the strategic management and organizational structure study. Keywords: Strategic Management, Organizational Structure. Introduction Telecom industry is the collection of all industries and companies providing phone service, data or entertainment to consumers and businesses. It is the fastest growing industry in Pakistan and with highest per year growth rate in tele-density Worldwide (Atta 2008b, P.1 of 1) it has become a backbone in Pakistans economy. Telecom industry provides many employment and investment opportunities due to high revenues generated via large number of telephony subscribers. Along with opportunities, this industry also provides vast facilities to communicate and connect globally in a better, reliable and modern manner. Background: Telecommunication services in Pakistan were started in 1947 when Posts Telegraph Department was created. As an extension, Pakistan Telephone Telegraph Department was established in 1962 to provide fixed telephone services. Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC) started under PTC Act 1991. This overlapped with the Governments competitive policy and encouraged the participation of the private sector, resulting in award of licenses for card-operated pay phones, cellular companies, paging and, lately, data communication services. Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government announced its plans to privatize PTCL in 1991. In Pakistan, the Pakistan Mobile communications Ltd (Mobilink) started its operations in 1994. Mobilink (subsidiary of the Orascom Telecom Holding) with more than 31.6 million subscribers is Pakistans leading cellular and Blackberry service provider. Other major competitors are Telenor 23.4 million, and Warid (Abu Dhabi Group) 16.38 million, Ufone 18.93 million and Zong (China Mobile Company) 6.76 million. By April 2010, there were 97.6 million mobile phone subscribers in Pakistan. PTCL launched its mobile and data services firms in 2001 i.e. Ufone and PakNet respectively. In 2006, Government of Pakistan decided to privatize 26 % of PTCL. Etisalat, with a large margin in the bet was able to get the shares. Purpose: The purpose of this report is to understand the organizational structure and strategic management process by utilizing analytical tools- SWOT analysis. Improvements in strategic management process and decision-making will be suggested. Aims and Objectives: Conduct interviews and discussions with middle and senior level management personnel from the telecom industry Conduct SWOT analysis over feedback received from the interviews and discussions Study the organizational structure of Telenor and Ufone Reach out mobile subscribers to get feedback and to help define QoS targets and KPIs Provide suggestions about improvement in strategic management process and decision making Scope: Survey: Design questionnaires and conduct interviews with middle and senior level management Data Analysis Tools: Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threat (SWOT) Organizational Structure: Vertical Differentiation (Hierarchical Levels, Span of Control, Integrating Mechanisms, Centralization and Decentralization, Standardization and Mutual Adjustment and Professionalism) Research Methodology Document/Literature reviews: The first method we adopted in the implementation of our research methodology was reviewing work already done in the field closely resembling our analysis. This was done on the basis of multiple documents most notably of other telecommunication companies and analysis done on the basis of different circumstances factoring in the companys strategic management and decision making process. Mixture of Quantitative and Qualitative Survey: The purpose of qualitative analysis is to get a complete detailed description whereas in quantitative analysis we classify features, count them, and even construct more complex statistical models in an attempt to explain what is observed. Qualitative analysis allows for fine distinctions to be drawn because it is not necessary to shoehorn the data into a finite number of classifications. It is also used to investigate the  why  and  how  of  decision making, not just  what,  where,  when. This also justifies the reasoning behind getting smaller but focused  samples rather than getting larger samples. Quantitative analysis basically leads to the systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. Its main objective  is to develop and employ  mathematical models,  theories and/or  hypotheses  pertaining to phenomena. In easier terms it basically means that quantitative researcher asks a specific, narrow question and collects numerical data from participants to answer the question. Official Perception surveys: These surveys will be qualitative surveys conducted on the basis of information gathered by senior officials from managerial level employees in the telecommunication industry. These surveys will be in the form of descriptive questions and will be used to analyze different factors involved in the companys decision making process. This analysis will be done in the form of Key Informant Interviews and will be held taking into account a senior officials own analysis of the companys strong and weak points. Customer Satisfaction Surveys: These surveys will be quantitative surveys distributed amongst people in the form of questionnaires. This will be done in the form of Random Selection Surveys hence to cover major portion of our required research. Literature Review Strategic Management Process: Strategic management process defines the strategies of the organizations. It is the process by which managers choose a set of strategies for the organization that will assist it to achieve better performance and QoS targets. Strategic management is an ongoing process that has three main stages namely: strategic formulation, strategic implementation and evaluation. Organizations use strategic analysis tools for the strategic management process Organizational Structure: Organizational structure determines hierarchy and the reporting structure in an organization. These may be classified into different types based on a variety of things mainly scale of the organization and the scope of its operations. Traditional structure organizations are based on functional division and departments, various types of structures under these structures are Line Structure (Used in Small Organizations), Line and Staff Structure (Used in Large Organizations), and Functional Structure (Division based on the functions a person perform). Divisional structured organizations are based on functional division and departments they have. These may be classified as Product Structure, Market Structure and Geographic Structure. Some other kinds of organizational structures are Matrix Structure, Network Structure and Team Structure.. Literature review has been conducted for this research article to understand the concepts underlying strategic management process and the organizational structure. This will help to carry out the required work of survey, SWOT analysis, and for making the suggestions based on the conducted research. Results Strategic Management Process Strategic management involves managers from all levels of the organization to formulate and implement strategies to provide superior fit between organization and its environment to achieve set goals of the organization. This involves action and decision-making. Three stages of strategic management process are strategic planning, implementation and evaluation. The nine steps encompassing these three stages are Assessment, Strategy, Objectives, Strategic Maps, Performance Measures, Initiatives, Automation, Cascade and Evaluation. The process can be described by the flow chart presented in figure 1 below: Figure : Strategic Management Process Strategic Management Process is accompanied with SWOT analysis, which provides data to formulate and implement strategies and changes to achieve the target goals and QoS. SWOT analysis helps to examine internal (strength and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) elements of a business. SWOT analysis can help the management team in a business to discover: What the organization does better than the competitors do? What competitors do superior than the organization? Whether the business is making most of the available opportunities? How a business should react to changes in its external environment? SWOT analysis for Telenor Pakistan and Ufone Pakistan has been conducted as case study. SWOT Analysis of Telenor Pakistan Telenor Pakistan is a possession of the Telenor group, an international service provider in terms of voice, data plans and communication services across Europe and Asia. It is amongst the largest mobile service operators in the world over 179 million mobile subscribers (2010). Telenor Pakistan has recently reached the landmark of 30 million subscribers in Pakistan. It is now second in terms of market share in Pakistan after Mobilink. Case study of SWOT analysis for Telenor Pakistan has been discussed as follows: Strengths: Telenor introduced the concept of Mobile TV for the very first time in Pakistan Telenor provides desirable packages for every market sector like djuice for youth and price conscious class and persona for upper and elite class State of art technology like the latest underground fiber optical network Telenor Pakistan stands at number 2 in terms of market share and coverage after Mobilink Telenor Pakistan introduced the concept of free international roaming during Hajj program Telenor operate with more than 30 million subscribers all over the Pakistan Weaknesses: There is no institute in Pakistan that provides formal education in the fields of networking and other core technical capabilities so Telenor needs to have a major chunk of their personnel trained from institutions outside of Pakistan The customer service centers are not coming up to national and international standards as most of the customers calls go unattended because of the poor call center performance The postpaid connection provided by Telenor Pakistan is comparatively expensive compared to other competitors like Warid Telecom and Ufone Pakistan Due to the buffering problem, Telenor mobile TV has poor visual quality Franchise distribution system is not up-to standards- This stands as the common problem for all mobile services operators. Record keeping is also an associated problem Opportunities: Participation within the growing Telecom industry and extension of coverage area Attract more subscribers and increase market share Product line and packages expansion focusing at various age groups and social classes Cost discount strategies Product innovation and attraction To become customer size specialist Threats: Monopoly of PTA and inclination towards state owned telecom service providers At any time PTA can modify the services of telecom sector Cutthroat competition operating in kinked demand oligopoly Implementation of WTO policies will result in open competitive pricing in services sector exclusively in telecom There is an imbalance between prices of inputs outputs SWOT Analysis of Ufone Pakistan Ufone is a Pakistani GSM cellular service provider, a subsidiary of Pakistan Telecommunications Company Limited. Its operations started from Islamabad on January 29 2001. Ufone has progressed and attracted customers and expanded its coverage area by adding new cities and highways/motorways. After the privatization of PTCL, 26% shares of Ufone were sold to Etisalat. Around $65 million rupees have been invested by Ufone to setup its up-to-date technical infrastructure to provide fast data services and high quality voice. On its establishment, Ufone cater most importantly for the middle class, by announcing low rates and different packages with Urdu names like Jazba etc. Ufone has extended its customer support in a very planned and appropriate manner with a strategic network of dealers and outlets for people. Strengths Ufone is host to value added services and data connectivity Ufone offers the most reasonable prices for its users Ufone represents as the subsidiary of PTCL Prepaid roaming in Pakistan was first launched by Ufone along with the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and GPRS services Ufones Prepaid packages are now considered to be one of the most favorite packages by the youth market GPRS Roaming facility is available across 85 countries with more than 115 Live Operators Ufone has got the best e-marketing department in competition to the other mobile operators Weaknesses Ufones biggest weakness is that it cannot meet the demands of its customers Centralized structure of the organization has failed to provide proper direction over instruction and policies Ufone is not close to expected profitability It is a subsidiary of PTCL so it is dependent on PTCL and government for policies The franchise network of Ufone is not able to meet the demand of increasing number of mobile subscribers Ufone has not provided innovative services to its subscribers compared to other operators Its coverage in South region is quite good but in north its coverage is poor Ufone got some internal problems after its privatization to Etisalat when some employees became unhappy with the pay scale Opportunities Ufone has enormous ability to expand globally, but since it is a government owned organization, the economic situation in Pakistan does not permit this With the precise marketing strategy and planning they can gain much more subscribers market The demand for value added services in increasing with development in the IT Telecom sector, Ufone should come up with improvements in its value added services in order to gain leading edge in the market Ufone kiosk can be launched to enable services like ATM machines for Ufone customers Ufone should expand their Franchise network in remote areas to provide competition to Mobilink and Telenor which are constantly increasing their franchise network Ufone should expand its network coverage to the Northern areas of the country as well with the reason that in those parts of the country not too many companies are giving services and if Ufone gets success in providing its services there then it will definitely attract a huge chunk of people and its number of subscribers can increase Threats Government interference in terms of taxes PTCL should provide more financial support to Ufone to enhance profitability of its subsidiary company Being a responsibility, Ufone is supposed to provide good pension benefits to its employees, which sometimes appears like a great idea, but they are now facing problems as large amount of people are beginning to collect Ufone, like many large companies with quality employees healthcare welfares, is suffering from a large financial hit Some pressure groups are objecting on the towers that are installed in domestic areas. According to their point of view it is not good for health for the people who are directly exposed to the radiations caused by the towers Pakistan is experiencing serious problems regarding the economy now days which will ultimately also affect Ufone. The current downturn in market is not beneficial for any sort of business may that be telecommunication Organizational Structure Organizational structure defines the reporting and hierarchical structure in an organization. Literature review presents an explanation about the organization structure and the different types of it. Case studies of Organization structure for Telenor and Ufone Pakistan will be presented here. Organization Structure of Telenor Pakistan: The organizational structure of Telenor Pakistan is functional structure. The key features are listed as follows: There are eight departments, Finance, Customer Services, Commercial, Technical, Information Technology, Human Resources, Administration and Legal Affairs, each supervised by a Senior Executive Vice President or Executive Vice President. Each of these departments follow a flat structure to boost mutual processes and co-operations between lower staff and managers Each department has several sections and a manager is in-charge of each section. He controls the overall operations of that section Responsibility of each executive in charge includes all the services that are related to him Wide span of control in entire organization makes it convenient for the lower staff to reach top managers and boost coordination between them The categorized stages of organizational chart of Telenor Pakistan is shown in figure 2 below, the complete organizational structure has been attached as appendix A: Figure : Categorized Stages of Organizational Structure of Telenor Pakistan There are seven categorized levels. Tasks and duties of each person is evidently defined at the time of joining the organization. Duties can be changed later, but staff has good knowledge about their job responsibilities from the time they join the organization. There is no communication or motivational issues because of the layered structure and the open culture prevailing at each stage. There are no examples of de-motivation however in certain areas like Customer Relationship Department or Customer Service Centre different customer queries and objections can raise frustration levels when qualities of service targets are not being met. Managers in these sectors interfere to solve problems. On every occasion an employee has an idea, he/she is stimulated to approach the management or people at higher level of hierarchy and share it with them. Boxes are also situated at various places where personnel leave their ideas, suggestions and concerns. To stay anonymous is their legal right. The Communications Department tries to reach to certain decisions if the ideas can be executed and then debates them with the employees concerned. There is also a formal platform at the group level known as SEED where innovation is encouraged and new ideas about revenue concepts and cost effectiveness can be discussed. Employees are welcome to contribute and submit their innovating ideas. If the ideas that are shared are feasible then they are executed in the organization. Employees are then rewarded accordingly for their helpful contributions. Organization Structure of Ufone Pakistan The departmental and organizational structure for Ufone Pakistan has been shown in figure 3 below: Board of Directors CEO Project Director Marketing Sales Finance Information System Customer Care Engineering Quality Assurance Information technology HR Admin Figure : Organizational Chart of Ufone Pakistan The organizational structure of Ufone Pakistan is hybrid in nature where there is a formal control on every employee in the organization. The chain of command is decentralized and each personnel in the organization have his/her own tasks and responsibilities, which he/she has to fulfill. The key characteristics of the Organizational Structure are as follows: Ufone has a lean or horizontal structure The company has a decentralized structure making the flow of information easy and simple Ufone has different departments where every department has its head and all heads are interconnected Concept of departmentalization remains constantly in practice at Ufone Different departments work within their functional divisions to contribute towards the success of the business and to attain the set targets Ufone has 83 sub-departments that are working efficiently. All interact with each other towards the smooth running of the organization The organizational structure of Ufone consist of of Board of Directors who are reported by the Chief Executive Officer CEO is a great supervision to the eight major departments of the company. These are Finance, Marketing, IT, Engineering, Strategic Planning, Human Resource, and Sales Departments Discussion and Reflective Comments Case studies for strategic management process and organizational structure has been discussed for Ufone and Telenor. A comparison between these two organizations has been made because these two organizations had remained in close competition to each other in terms of subscribers market. Recent reports have shown that Telenor Pakistan has passed the landmark of 30 million subscriber base having a market share of 26%. It has shown consistent growth due to the technological development and efficient strategic management process. On the contrary, Ufones market share in terms of subscribers has shown decline, which is now 19%. The major factor for this is the policy making at executive and senior managerial levels. Policy making for Ufone is generally done by officials representing the government as Ufone is a subsidiary of government owned Pakistan Telecommunications Company Limited. Besides this, at the time of privatization of PTCL, it was anticipated that PTCL and Ufone would be turne d into large profit and efficient organizations, but Etisalat group could not bring about many changes towards the operational and strategic management process. Telenors subscribers base, technological growth, marketing and network coverage has surpassed those of Ufone with a significant margin and today Telenor is presenting close competition to Mobilink, which is considered as a mature organization in Pakistans Telecom Industry. An important distinction between Mobilink and Telenor is the post-paid connection base, which is normally defined by business and corporate users. Telenor lags behind Mobilink in terms of post-paid subscribers by a huge margin reason being that Telenors postpaid connection is expensive and provides much lesser value added services compared to Mobilink. In the discussion about organizational structure, a point worth noting is that Telenor has a functional structure where each department has a set of functions well defined. However, a Hybrid structure combining both functional and horizontal structure is recommended as it can provide enhancement in coordination and communication between cross-functional teams and can also provide improved customer service. Besides this, the structure should be defined such that it is able to accommodate any changes that might seem appropriate. These changes can be easily accommodated in horizontal structure. Since Telenor is a part of Global Telenor Group, employee exchange program should be introduced at middle and senior level management in order to share the level of managerial and technical skills and expertise. Besides this, stock option could also be provided as a motivation to the employees.